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Application notes

Application notes, technical articles, handbooks and data sheets from component and instrument makers, and an industry association’s guideline (JEITA’s on lithium-ion cells): the modules and the gotcha pages cite them, the bench pages and the gotchas most of all.

Every resource listed here is in English.

Resources, with their type, level, tags and the date each link was retrieved
ResourceTypeLevelTagsRetrieved
Understanding Buck Power Stages in Switchmode Power Supplies (SLVA057)
E. Rogers, Texas Instruments
Steady-state and small-signal analysis of the buck power stage in CCM and DCM, with component requirements.
Application noteIntermediatebuck, ccm-dcm, small-signal2026-09-23
Understanding Boost Power Stages in Switchmode Power Supplies (SLVA061)
E. Rogers, Texas Instruments
The boost counterpart: steady-state and small-signal analysis in CCM and DCM.
Application noteIntermediateboost, ccm-dcm, small-signal, rhp-zero2026-09-23
Understanding Inverting Buck-Boost Power Stages in Switch Mode Power Supplies (SLVA059)
E. Rogers, Texas Instruments
The inverting buck-boost power stage analysed the same way.
Application noteIntermediatebuck-boost, ccm-dcm, small-signal, rhp-zero2026-09-23
Basic Calculation of a Buck Converter's Power Stage (SLVA477)
B. Hauke, Texas Instruments
A compact CCM design-calculation checklist: duty ratio, inductor ripple, capacitors.
Application noteIntroductorybuck, ripple, design2026-09-23
Basic Calculation of a Boost Converter's Power Stage (SLVA372)
B. Hauke, Texas Instruments
The boost version of the same checklist.
Application noteIntroductoryboost, ripple, design2026-09-23
Output Ripple Voltage for Buck Switching Regulator (SLVA630A)
S. P. Singh, Texas Instruments
Buck output ripple with the capacitor's charge, series resistance (ESR) and series inductance (ESL) taken into account.
Application noteIntermediatepassives-real, esr, ripple, buck2026-09-23
Sensor Design for Inductive Sensing Applications Using LDC (SNOA930C)
Texas Instruments
Written for inductive sensing; its explanation of the capacitance between turns, the self-resonant frequency and how to measure it applies to any wound inductor.
Application noteIntermediatepassives-real, self-resonance, inductors2026-09-23
Fundamentals of MOSFET and IGBT Gate Driver Circuits (SLUA618A)
L. Balogh, Texas Instruments
MOSFET switching behaviour, gate charge and gate-drive power, and practical gate-drive circuits.
Application noteIntermediatesemiconductors, gate-drive2026-09-23
Designing RC snubbers (AN11160)
Nexperia
How to find a ringing node's parasitic capacitance and inductance with an added capacitor, then choose the RC snubber's capacitor and its resistor from a damping factor, trading peak voltage against loss.
Application noteIntermediatesnubbers, ringing, measurement2026-09-24
Impedance Measurement Handbook (5950-3000)
Keysight Technologies
How LCR meters and impedance analyzers measure, why a component's measured value depends on the test frequency and signal, and how to connect and compensate the test fixture.
Application noteIntermediatemeasurement, impedance, lcr-meter2026-09-24
Low Level Measurements Handbook, 7th edition
Keithley Instruments (Tektronix)
Precision dc measurements, among them low resistances with the four-wire (Kelvin) method, which keeps the test leads' resistance out of the reading.
Application noteIntermediatemeasurement, resistance, four-wire2026-09-24
AN-136: PCB Layout Considerations for Non-Isolated Switching Power Supplies
Analog Devices (Linear Technology)
The hot loop, the layer stack and the switch node of a buck converter's board, step by step.
Application noteIntermediatelayout, bench2026-09-24
AN-1149 Layout Guidelines for Switching Power Supplies (SNVA021C)
Texas Instruments
Current loops, ground planes, the feedback trace and the input capacitor, in a short note.
Application noteIntroductorylayout, bench2026-09-24
Power MOSFET Basics: Understanding Gate Charge and Using it to Assess Switching Performance (AN608A)
Vishay Siliconix
The gate-charge curve read interval by interval, and what each charge says about the switching times.
Application noteIntroductorygate-drive, semiconductors, bench2026-09-24
Bootstrap Circuitry Selection for Half-Bridge Configurations (SLUA887A)
Texas Instruments
Choosing the bootstrap capacitor, diode and resistor of a half-bridge driver, and what goes wrong when they are too small.
Application noteIntermediategate-drive, bench2026-09-24
AN-1144: Measuring Output Ripple and Switching Transients in Switching Regulators
Analog Devices
How a probe's ground lead exaggerates switching transients, and the tip-and-barrel method for output ripple.
Application noteIntroductoryprobes, measurement, bench2026-09-24
Understanding Oscilloscope Frequency Response and Its Effect on Rise-Time Accuracy (5988-8008)
Keysight Technologies
Why the rise time an oscilloscope shows depends on the shape of its frequency response, not on its bandwidth alone.
Application noteIntermediateprobes, measurement, bench2026-09-25
Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics (SPRA953)
Texas Instruments
What the thermal resistances and characterization parameters on a data sheet mean, how they are measured, and how they are misused.
Application noteIntermediatethermal, bench2026-09-24
Understanding Thermal Dissipation and Design of a Heatsink (SLVA462)
Texas Instruments
The thermal path from a junction to the air, and sizing a heat sink from it.
Application noteIntroductorythermal, bench2026-09-24
Power MOSFET Tutorial (APT-0403)
Advanced Power Technology (Microchip)
A power MOSFET's structure, its data sheet's parameters and how they change with temperature.
Application noteIntroductorythermal, semiconductors, bench2026-09-24
Managing Inrush Current (SLVA670A)
Texas Instruments
Where inrush current comes from when a load's capacitance is switched on, and how a slower voltage rise reduces it.
Application noteIntroductoryprotection, inrush, bench2026-09-24
Fuseology: Fuse Facts and Fuse Selection Guide
Littelfuse
How a fuse's ratings are defined, and what its current, its pulses and its ambient temperature do to it.
Application noteIntroductoryprotection, fuse, bench2026-09-24
Reverse Current/Battery Protection Circuits (SLVA139)
Texas Instruments
Circuits that protect a load against a battery connected backwards, starting from a diode in series with the battery.
Application noteIntroductoryprotection, battery, bench2026-09-24
Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Application Guide
Cornell Dubilier Electronics
How an aluminum electrolytic capacitor's capacitance, ESR and life change with temperature, ripple current and voltage.
Application noteIntermediatecapacitors, temperature, bench2026-09-24
A Guide to the Safe Use of Lithium-Ion Secondary Cells in Notebook-type Personal Computers and Tablet Terminals
JEITA
Why a lithium-ion cell's charging is limited in temperature, voltage and current, and what a charger must do outside those limits.
Application noteIntermediatebattery, temperature, bench2026-09-24
Snubbing the flyback converter (SSZTCV6)
R. Kollman, Texas Instruments
How a flyback's leakage inductance drives the switch above the reflected voltage, and how the clamp voltage trades against the clamp's loss.
Technical articleIntermediatesnubbers, clamps, flyback, leakage2026-09-24
Five steps to a great PCB layout for a step-down converter (SLYT614)
Texas Instruments
Five steps to a step-down converter's board, with the input capacitor as its most important component.
Technical articleIntroductorylayout, bench2026-09-24
System Trade-offs for High- and Low-side Current Measurements (SSZTA51)
Texas Instruments
A short comparison of placing the shunt in the ground return or on the supply side.
Technical articleIntroductorycurrent-sensing, bench2026-09-24
Optimize High-Current Sensing Accuracy by Improving Pad Layout of Low-Value Shunt Resistors (Analog Dialogue 46-06)
M. O'Sullivan, Analog Devices
How the solder of a low-value shunt enters the reading, and the four-pad layout that keeps it out.
Technical articleIntroductorycurrent-sensing, layout, bench2026-09-24
How is bandwidth related to rise time for oscilloscopes? (Tektronix FAQ)
Tektronix
The 0.35 rule between an oscilloscope's bandwidth and its rise time, and where it holds.
Technical articleIntroductoryprobes, measurement, bench2026-09-24
Temperature and Voltage Variation of Ceramic Capacitors, or Why Your 4.7 µF Capacitor Becomes a 0.33 µF Capacitor
Analog Devices (Maxim Integrated)
How a class-2 ceramic capacitor's capacitance changes with temperature and with its dc voltage, and why its code tells only the first.
Technical articleIntroductorycapacitors, temperature, bench2026-09-24
Floating-Point Arithmetic: Issues and Limitations
the Python documentation (the tutorial)
Why 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 is not 0.3 in a computer, why each operation can add a rounding error of up to one part in 2**53, and why results are compared within a tolerance, not for equality.
Technical articleIntroductorypython, numerics2026-09-25
bq25570 Nano Power Boost Charger and Buck Converter for Energy Harvester Powered Applications
Texas Instruments
A harvesting charger that tracks the maximum power point by sampling a fraction of the source's open-circuit voltage.
Data sheetIntermediateharvesting, mppt, charger2026-09-24

The numbers in the examples, presets and exercises on this site are synthetic: round teaching values, not data from any real design.